Puzzle



July 25, 1950 J. H. PALIN 2,516,410

PUZZLE Filed Feb. 2v, 194e s shekets-sheet'l V FIG 4,

F|G 2 l i g b d /o/o/oaa 7775s 4 43s /5 /0 5 .3 .3

/0 @867775-54414 \\8 /0 /a 8 6 7 5 5 4f 4 J a .3 f 9 /5 2 2 2 Q /5 6 2 99 /5 /5 2 2 79 /5/5/566 lf2 /9 /7 23 23 Y /6 /3 /3 /3 /2 24 24' 2/ /7 222z 22 20 20 Z0 2/ 2/ /4 /7 22 22 2? 24 2V 20 Z/ Z/ /4 /4 '/7 /7 /7 FIG 4I I L! l E] III [Il E D El E] L I &0

:I C! El C] E] V1 r-l VL @//ff/- FIG 5 /l' 45;

July 25, 1950 J. H; PALIN PUZZLE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 27. 1946 lff @yz/M poses.

" markings different from each other.

Patented July 25, 1950 lsf-'UNITED STATES rATENT OFFICE V,2,516,410',PUzzLr:l Johan Hemming Palin, Stockholm, Swed-en Application February27, 1946, serial No. 650,475

. 4In Sweden September 6, 1945 vcorresponding to the eld of the board,which are for the placing on the field of the board furrushed withindirect indication marks, different `from the position marks of thecorresponding position section, in consequence whereof the piece inquestion only after that the problem specific for a piece has beensolved, can be placed on that section, which together with the pieceforms a pair. The puzzle is designed to serve for pedagogical,psychotechnical and other similar pur- The invention is primarilycharacterized in that the pieces are provided with control designations,arranged in such way that in combination with the recesses in one orseveral patterns belonging to the puzzle they can serve as means ofchecking the correct placing of the pieces and also as a means foridentifying incorrectly placed pieces. If the puzzle is used inconnection with instructions, a possibility is thus attained for theteacher or the referee of knowledge, with a simple help means, toquickly judge the discernment of various kinds of knowledge of theperson on test. The control markings of the pieces are suitably appliedto the backside of the corresponding board, so that if the board withthe pieces placed on it is turned over, the checking of the placing ofthe pieces can be made by taking the board away and putting the patternon. By giving, moreover, to the control markings special nish, one canthus attain that the person tested cannot with the guidance of thecontrol markings of the separate pieces have any clue for the placing ofthe pieces on the field of the I board.

The invention specially designs such execution of the puzzle that it canbe used for testing in a kvery great number of problems within the sameregion of knowledge, or for testing knowledge, within the most Variedregions of subjects. The

problems can alternatively be chosen so that the number of piecesbelonging to the game corresponds to as many various answers, in whichcase the sections of the board are made with place The problems can,however, also comprise groups of identical answers, when the boards ofthe fields belonging to the game are made in such a way that theycontain identical place markings for thev separate control patternscorresponding to these V various field boards.

A special execution of control markings of the pieces with a view toleav- 'ing the least possible indication for the correct 'placing on theeld of the board cfa piece in 3 Claims. (Cl. 35-35) question consists inthat the control markings of the pieces, which with advantage cancorrespond to the designation marking of the respective vpieces,repeatedly occur onr the respectivepie'ce in a pattern suited for eachseparate piece in such a manner that the same set of pieces can' be usedtogether with all the section boards and control patterns belonging tothe game. At the practical execution of the puzzle game onel could makecards or such like, containing a vlist of the vsection boards and/orsigns of the pieces and the corresponding kinds of signs answering themarkings orY similar for objects, which according to some principle areor were originally made as belonging together, with a View to enablingthe placing ofthe pieces on the field of the board according toinstructions on such card or similar.

The invention is illustrated on the accompanying drawing by the workingof examples of a puzzle game designed according to the invention,comprising 24 pieces.

Figure l shows a board vbelonging to thegame, which comprises 4 groupsof identical sections and Figure 2 shows the respective kinds of placemarkings for these sections. Figure 3 shows the pieces' belonging to thegame placed on the board according to a certain problem closelydescribed fbelow. Figure 4 shows the same pieces on an enlarged scaleturned with their back sides upwards; Figure 5 shows, also on anenlarged scale, a pattern for controlling that the pieces have `beencorrectly placed when solving the problem with a ylaying board designedfor this latter task,

to which the detail of an index card shown in Figure 8 also belongs.

Figure 9 shows on anen- "larged scale the pieces placed according toFigure 40' 'the puzzle shown, it consists of a board l, which isprovided with a suitable raised frame 2, inside which a changeablesupport 3 for pieces can be placed. The support 3 shown in Figure 1-isdivided into.,2 i sections 4, which among themselves represent 4 groupsof different modelsor kdifferent colours, whereat the modelsv or` thecolours of the eld constitute place markingsl for ftheY pieces belongingto the game for their placing.

The pieces '5 are ontheir front side 6 provided -with figures, whichserve as indication markings. `A special marking l canlalso beintroducedl in order to facilitate the direction of the position, v sothat the piecesare not placed reversed in-relation t0 a Certainreadingdirection. on theirback side 8 the pieces 5 are provided with controlmarkings which, as is shown, can be made to agree with the directionnumber of the piece, so that it appears repeated on the back side of thepiece in a pattern specially suited for each piece. In the executionexample of the puzzle the back side has been divided into 3 verticalcolumns of 4 lines each, so that 12 miniature sections are produced, ofwhich '7 have been numbered and 5 left empty. The control patternconsists of a plate 9, provided with recess IU, in which at an eventualincorrect laying of the pieces one or several control markings of theincorrectly placed pieces will be seen when turning the pieces andfixing the pattern. The turning can be done by means of a turnable platebelonging to the game.

The arrangement of support, the placing of the pieces and of the controlpattern, shown in Figures 1-5, is intended for solving the followingproblem as an example of testing knowledge of grammar. The respectivesections 4 on the support 3 are supposed to correspond to classes ofwords, so that a section with a place marking according to Figure 2aconstitutes a noun,` according to Figure 2b a verb, according to Figure2c an adjective and according to Figure 2d a pronoun. The numberedpieces are supposed to correspond to the following words:

1. go 9. house 17. is

2. chair 10. big 18. the

3. you 11. wrote 19. pretty 4. red 12. us 20. hand 5. I 13. diligenti21. look 6. pencil 14. window 22. table '7. good 15. sit 23. her

8. your 16. dark 24. become So piece 3, for instance, which correspondsto a pronoun, can be placed on the upper section, lying to the left inFigure 1, viewed according to Figure 2 etc. When turning all thereadyfilled pieces as per Figure 3 they take the position shown inFigure 4. The back sides of the pieces, now lying upwards, when coveredby pattern 9, Figure 5, do not show any control markings in the recessesl0, and consequently the problem is correctly solved.

When using the game according to Figures 6-11, the problem is supposedto check the knowledge of 24 Swedish counties. The support il in Figure7 is for this purpose divided in sections l2, numbered from l to 24. An-indication card consisting of a map of Sweden,

with counties numbered from 1 to 24 acz cording to Figure 8 belongs tothe game. The same pieces described above are used which, as alreadymentioned, are numbered from 1" to 24. The number of each piece refersto a county, and the placing of the piece on the corresponding sectionis searched by the means of the following table, belonging to the game:

Blekinge 19 Vasterbotten a 6 Bohuslan 10 Vastergotland 20 Dalarna 9Vastmanland 17 'Dalsland 8 Gastrikland 15 Gotland 18 Halland 1l.Harjedalen 4 Halsingland 2 Jamtland 22 Skane 21 Lappland 13 Smaland 5vMedelpad 12 Sodermanland 3 Narke 7 Angermanland 1 Uppland 24 Ola-nd -16Yarmland' 1 Ostergotland 23 Figure 6 shows pieces 5 placed according tothese directions with the front sides of the pieces 6 turned upwards.Figure 9 shows these pieces turned upside down, the pieces with numbers2 and 12 having, however, changed places. When checked by means ofpattern I3 belonging to the support Il, Figure 10, the incorrect placingof pieces Nos. 2 and 12 becomes apparent through some of their controlmarkings on the back sides being seen in recess I0 of the pattern, whenthe reference is quickly informed as to the deficient knowledge of theplacer in the corresponding part of the region under examination.

Only by varying the support and the directions accompanying the game,examinations within the most varied regions of knowledge can be made avery large number of problems within each' special region of knowledgecan be arranged, making use of the same set of pieces. With a view tosaving material, the upper as well as the lower surface of the supportcan be divided into sections and patterns used with either the one o rthe other surface upwards, or

-. turned in variousv directions of the pattern from case to case.

I claim: y

1. A puzzle comprising a board divided into marked fields, a pluralityof pieces forming part ofthe puzzle to be arranged on said elds, said.pieces being each provided with marks on two opposite sides, on one sidethereof such mark appearing alone as indication means to place the piececorrectly on the board, on the other side thereof such mark appearingrepeatedly in a control pattern characteristic of each piece, and asheet provided with apertures for each piece designed to permit onlyblank spaces of the patterned sides of the pieces to be exposed throughsaid apertures when vthe pieces are correctly placed on the `board andto permit the control pattern at least partly to appear of a piece whenplaced incorrectly.

2. A puzzle comprising a board divided into marked fields, a pluralityof pieces forming part of the puzzle to be arranged on said elds, saidpieces being each provided with corresponding marks on two oppositesides, on one side thereof such mark appearing alone as indication meansto place the piece correctly on the board, on the other side thereof asimilar mark appearing repeatedly in a control pattern characteristic ofeach piece, and a sheet provided with apertures for each piece designedto permit only blank spaces of the'patterned sides of the pieces to beexposed through said apertures when the pieces are correctly placed onthe board and to permit the control vpattern at leastV vpartly to appearof eachl incorrectly placed piece.

I3. A puzzle comprising a board divided into marked fields, a pluralityof pieces forming part of the puzzle to be arranged on said fields, saidpieces being eachfprovided with marks on two opposite sides, on one sidethereof such mark appearing Valone as'indication means to place thepiece 'correctly on the board, on the other side thereof Such markappearing repeatedly in a control -pattern characteristic of each piece,

means containing .an index of the markings on 'the pieces and the boardcorrelated to questions and answers, respectively, the answering of thequestions A'giving indications as to the correct placing ofthe pieces onthe board, and asheet provided with apertures for each piece designedVto permit only "blank spaces of the patterned 5 sides of the pieces tobe exposed through said apertures when the pieces are correctly placedon the board and to permit the control pattern at least partly to appearof a piece when placed incorrectly.

JOHAN HEMMING PALIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record ln the le o1this patent:

Number Pressey Dec. 27, 1932

